Thermal Cesium Release in PMTs Revealed by Resonant Laser Spectroscopy and Its Correlation with Quantum Efficiency
Published: Sep 16, 2025
Last Updated: Sep 16, 2025
Authors:Antonio De Benedittis, Pasquale Migliozzi, Carlos Maximiliano Mollo, Andreino Simonelli
Abstract
We report optical evidence of cesium (Cs) evaporation from a bialkali (SbKCs) photo- cathode during controlled heating of a photomultiplier tube (PMT). A DFB laser scanned across the 852.113 nm Cs D2 line reveals absorption features only above 60 degrees Celsius, indicating thermal desorption. The absorption correlates with temperature and offers a non-invasive method to monitor photocathode degradation in sealed detectors.